"Every metaphor is the tip of a submerged model. […] Use of theoretical models resembles the use of metaphors in requiring analogical transfer of a vocabulary. Metaphor and model-making reveal new relationships; both are attempts to pour new content into old bottles." (Max Black," Models and Metaphors", 1962)
"[Metaphor] is a loose word, at best, and we must beware of attributing to it stricter rules of usage than are usually found in practice." (Max Black, “Models and Metaphors”, 1962)
"[…] an idea is a feat of association, and the height of it is a good metaphor." (Robert Frost, "Between Prose and Verse", The Atlantic, 1962)
"Rationality consists [of] the continuous adaptation of our language to our continually expanding world, and metaphor is one of the chief means by which this is accomplished." (Mary B Hesse, "Models and Analogies in Science", 1966)
"[...] one cannot describe reality; only give metaphors that indicate it. All human modes of description (photographic, mathematical, and literary) are metaphorical. Even the most precise scientific description of an object or movement is a tissue of metaphors." (John Fowles, “'Notes on an Unfinished Novel”, 1969)
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