"An image is, after all, a reminder; it is to the illiterate what a book is to the literate, and what the word is to the hearing, the image is to sight." (John of Damascus, cca. 8th century)
"[...] images are like sensuous contents except in that they contain no matter." (Aristotle, "De Anima", cca. 350 BC)
"[…] the image is not a symbol or idea. It is itself a fact, or else the facts eject it." (Francis H Bradley, "Principles of Logic", 1883)
"[…] the image is an act which envisions an absent or non-existent object as a body, by means of a physical or mental content which is present only as an 'analogical representative' of the object envisioned." (Jean-Paul Sartre, "The Psychology of Imagination", 1940)
"[…] inner images are rather psychic manifestations of the archetypes which, however, would also have to put forth, create, condition anything lawlike in the behavior of the corporeal world." (Wolfgang Pauli, [letter to Markus Fierz] 1948)
"Thus a word or an image is symbolic when it implies something more than its obvious and immediate meaning." (Carl G Jung, "Man and His Symbols", 1964)
"Imagining is not perceiving, but images are indeed derivatives of perceptual activity. In particular, they are the anticipatory phases of that activity, schemata that the perceiver has detached from the perceptual cycle for other purposes." (Ulrich Neisser, "Cognition and Reality" 1976)
"The paradox of reality is that no image is as compelling as the one which exists only in the mind's eye." (Shana Alexander, "Talking Woman", 1976)
"The image is our attempt to reach the non-existent or absent object in our thoughts as we concentrate on this or that aspect of it, its visible appearance, its sound, its smell. […] The images themselves are not separate from our interpretations of the world; they are our way of thinking of objects in the world." (Mary Warnock, "Imagination", 1978)
"It is erroneous to equate image representations with mental photographs, since this would overlook the fact that images are composed from highly processed perceptual encodings." (Stephen Kosslyn, "Image and Mind", 1980)
"Mathematics associates new mental images with […] physical abstractions; these images are almost tangible to the trained mind but are far removed from those that are given directly by life and physical experience." (Yuri I Manin, "Mathematics and Physics", 1981)
"Images are defined to be information structures, with different kind of images representing different kind of information about what the actor is doing, why and how, and what kind of progress is being made." (Terence R. Mitchell & Lee R Beach, "Organizational behavior and human decision processes", 1990)
"[...] images are probably the main content of our thoughts, regardless of the sensory modality in which they are generated and regardless of whether they are about a thing or a process involving things; or about words or other symbols, in a given language, which correspond to a thing or process." (Antonio R Damasio, "Descartes' Error. Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain", 1994)
"But because of the way in which depictions represent, there is a correspondence between parts and spatial relations of the representation and those of the object; this structural mapping, which confers a type of resemblance, underlies the way images convey specific content. In this respect images are like pictures. Unlike words and symbols, depictions are not arbitrarily paired with what they represent." (Stephen Kosslyn et al, "The Case for Mental Imagery", 2006)
"Images are not just minor variations on perception and thought, of negligible theoretical interest; they are a robust mental category in need of independent investigation." (Colin McGinn, Mindsight, 2009)
"Images are generally resistant to change and ignore messages that do not conform to their internal settings." (Michael C Jackson, "Critical Systems Thinking and the Management of Complexity", 2019)
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