30 December 2025

On Physics: On Electromagnetism (1950-1974)

"[...] even in a temporal description of nature given by a relational theory of time. However, a theory, like the special theory of relativity, that denies the existence of an infinitely fast causal chain, deprives the concept of absolute simultaneity of its physical meaning even within a single inertial system. [...]  But since the metrical concept of velocity presupposes that we know the meaning of a transit time and since such a time, in turn, depends on a prior criterion of clock synchronization or simultaneity, we must first formulate the limiting property of electromagnetic chains [the fastest causal chain] without using the concept of simultaneity of noncoincident events." (Adolf Grünbaum, "Logical and philosophical foundations of the special theory of relativity", American Journal of Physics 23, 1955)

"There is nothing in the world except empty curved space. Matter, charge, electromagnetism, and other fields are only manifestations of the curvature of space." (John A Wheeler, 1957)

"In essence, the curvature in space created by the electromagnetic field is the electromagnetic field; and this curvature can in principle be detected by purely geometric measurements." (Kip Thorne, "The Dynamics of Space-Time", 1963) 

"It requires a much higher degree of imagination to understand the electromagnetic field than to understand invisible angels. […] I speak of the E and B fields and wave my arms and you may imagine that I can see them […] [but] I cannot really make a picture that is even nearly like the true waves." (Richard Feynman, "The Feynman Lectures on Physics", 1964)

"Thermostatics, which even now is usually called thermodynamics, has an unfortunate history and a cancerous tradition. It arose in a chaos of metaphysical and indeed irrational controversy, the traces of which drip their poison even today. As compared with the older science of mechanics and the younger science of electromagnetism, its mathematical structure is meager. Though claims for its breadth of application are often extravagant, the examples from which its principles usually are inferred are most special, and extensive mathematical developments based on fundamental equations, such as typify mechanics and electromagnetism, are wanting. The logical standards acceptable in thermostatics fail to meet the criteria of other exact sciences [...]." (Clifford Truesdell, "Six Lectures on Modern Natural Philosophy", 1966)

"Let us consider, for a moment, the world as described by the physicist. It consists of a number of fundamental particles which, if shot through their own space, appear as waves, and are thus [...] of the same laminated structure as pearls or onions, and other wave forms called electromagnetic which it is convenient, by Occam’s razor, to consider as travelling through space with a standard velocity. All these appear bound by certain natural laws which indicate the form of their relationship." (G Spencer-Brown, "Laws of Form", 1969)


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